Schwannomas are benign, painless, slowly growing tumors that arise from Schwann cells that surround the neural sheath. Clinical symptoms and signs are often nonspecific and inconclusive. Diagnosis is confirmed by fine needle aspiration cytology, histopathological examination, and immunohistochemical positivity for S100. They show a good prognosis overall with minimal rates of recurrence and transformation to malignancy.
Kantas A, Mucke T, Houghton D, et al. Schwannomas of the head and neck. Oncol Rev 2009;3(2):107–111. DOI: 10.1007/s12156-009-0015-6.
Yang SW, Lin CY. Schwannoma of the upper lip: case report and literature review. Am J Otolaryngol 2003;24(5):351–354. DOI: 10.1016/s0196-0709(03)00065-6.
Priya R, Virmani N, Dabholkar JP. Schwannoma arising from mental nerve: a rare entity. Int J Sci Rep 2016;2(10):265–267. DOI: 10.18203/issn.2454-2156.
Kim SH, Kim NH, Kim KR, et al. Schwannoma in head and neck: preoperative imaging study and intracapsular enucleation for functional nerve preservation. Yonsei Med J 2010;51(6):938–942. DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2010.51.6.938.
Das Gupta TK, Brasfield RD, Strong EW, et al. Benign solitary Schwannomas (neurilemmomas). Cancer 1969;24(2):355–366. DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(196908)24:2<355::aid-cncr2820240218>3.0.co;2-2.
Liu HL, Yu SY, Li GK, et al. Extracranial head and neck schwannomas: a study of the nerve of origin. Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngol 2011;268(9):1343–1347. DOI: 10.1007/s00405-011-1491-4.
Anil G, Tan TY. Imaging characteristics of schwannoma of the cervical sympathetic chain: a review of 12 cases. Am J Neuroradiol 2010;31(8):1408–1412. DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A2212.
Saito DM, Glastonbury CM, El-Sayed IH, et al. Parapharyngeal space schwannomas: preoperative imaging determination of the nerve of origin. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007;133(7):662–667. DOI: 10.1001/archotol.133.7.662.
Suh JS, Abenoza P, Galloway HR, et al. Peripheral (extracranial) nerve tumors: correlation of MR imaging and histologic findings. Radiology 1992;183(2):341–346. DOI: 10.1148/radiology.183.2.1561333.
Das A, Bhalla AS, Sharma R, et al. Diffusion-weighted imaging in extracranial head and neck schwannomas: a distinctive appearance. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2016;26(2):231–236. DOI: 10.4103/0971-3026.184418.
Tsai PY, Chan MY, Chen SH, et al. The prognosis and recurrence of head and neck schwannomas: an 8-year retrospective study. Taiwan J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011;22:165–174. DOI: 10.7104/TJOMS.201109.0165.
