Citation Information :
Christopher VE, Vuppala R, Koka R, Saluja JS, Suravarapu S, Ganji S, Indlamuri S. Cochlear Implants and Its Complications: A Retrospective Study. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2023; 15 (3):116-121.
Aims: Cochlear Implant (CI) surgery is an effective and feasible alternative to restore hearing in severe bilateral hearing loss.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study estimated the prevalence of complications associated with CI surgeries done from April 1994 to March 2016.
Results: About 1,236 surgeries were performed on 933 pediatric patients and 79 adults. The cause of the deafness was congenital (90.91%), idiopathic (8.30%), and meningitis (0.79%). No speech impairment was seen in eight (0.86%) children. There was a history of consanguinity in 60.02% of patients.
Bilateral profound hearing impairment was common in 99.41% of patients. The previous CI was reported at 29.46%. Delayed milestones (13.39%) in children, hypertension (14.29%), and diabetes mellitus (15.18%) in adult patients were noted.
Right, cochlear implantation (47.43%), left (31.42%) and bilateral implantation (21.15%) were done. There were 17 (1.68%) complications (major 08, minor, 09) in adults. Superficial wound infection occurred in four patients (median 28 days, range 3–358 days) after implantation resolved on treatment. There was no significant (p > 0.05) relationship between the presence of comorbidities and complications.
Conclusion: Cochlear Implant is a safe procedure and the complications are within the acceptable limits.
Clinical significance: The complication rate with cochlear implants is within an acceptable range. Infections remain the most common complication. The procedure is safe.
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