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VOLUME 14 , ISSUE 1 ( January-April, 2022 ) > List of Articles

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Clinical and Sociodemographic Profiles of Patients with Chronic Otitis Media Seeking Health Care at a Tertiary Care Center of Bihar: A Prescription-based Analysis

Swati Suneha, Mukesh Kumar, Kranti Bhavana

Keywords : Chronic otitis media (COM), Prescription pattern, Prevalence study

Citation Information : Suneha S, Kumar M, Bhavana K. Clinical and Sociodemographic Profiles of Patients with Chronic Otitis Media Seeking Health Care at a Tertiary Care Center of Bihar: A Prescription-based Analysis. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2022; 14 (1):7-11.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1419

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 22-04-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2022; The Author(s).


Abstract

Objective: To determine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients with chronic otitis media (COM) at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, AIIMS, Patna. To deduce the pattern of treatment provided to these patients at this center. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on patients with COM visiting the outpatient department of Otorhinolaryngology, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, for a period of 6 months (i.e., September 2019 to February 2020). Outpatient prescriptions were collected, and data were recorded and analyzed. Results were interpreted pictorially and through analysis tables. Chi-square test was applied to test the relationship between routes of different antibiotics administration used in the prescriptions. Results: COM was highly prevalent in males (54.29%), 16- to 40-year age-group (64.76%), and poor to middle-class strata (90.48%). Most cases were unilateral (63.33%) and of COM mucosal subtype (64.76%). Infection (64.28%) and residual/reperforation (24.29%) were major etiological factors. Concomitant sinonasal allergy was present in 69.05% of the patients. The most common symptoms were ear discharge (77.62%) and hearing loss (75.71%). All patients were prescribed antimicrobial-steroid ear drops. Additional drugs prescribed were systemic antibiotics (64%), antihistamines (79.52%), nasal decongestants (70.95%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (49.05%), and systemic steroids (20.48%). Beta-lactam antibiotics (52%) and cephalosporins (22%) were the most frequently prescribed. The frequency of use of topical along with oral antibiotics was highly significant (p <0.0001) compared to topical with intravenous antibiotics or topical drugs alone. Conclusion: The study revealed middle-aged males of poor or middle-class socioeconomy forming the majority of patients seeking health care for COM. These patients mostly presented with ear discharge after underlying ear infection that led to a significant hearing loss too. Therefore, topical therapy along with oral antibiotics was the most frequently prescribed on an outpatient basis for prevention and cure.


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