Introduction: Type I tympanoplasty or myringoplasty is the repair of the perforated eardrum. Comparisons of microscopic and endoscopic techniques present in the literature use different routes of access and cannot be compared head-on. Objective: To compare endoscopic and microscopic myringoplasty results when both are performed via the transcanal route. Methods: We present a retrospective study done at a single center to compare endoscopic and microscopic type I tympanoplasties both done via the transcanal route. A total of 70 patients, 30 operated with endoscope and 40 with microscope, were included in the analysis. Patients of either sex, between 18 and 60 years of age, with a dry perforation and air-bone gap (ABG) of ≤30 dB, were included. Results: Perforations were completely closed in 93% of the endoscopic group and 92.5% of the microscopic group. The ABG closure was 12.89 dB in endoscopic and 11.97 dB in the microscopic groups. There was no association of the site or size of perforation with failure of surgery. The time taken for surgery was also equivalent. The endoscope had the advantage of avoiding a canaloplasty and looking into the hidden areas of the middle ear. Conclusion: For transcanal, minimally invasive type I tympanoplasty, both techniques provide equivalent results. We recommend the use of an endoscope as the primary or an accessory tool for better visualization.